<Article>The Characteristic of the Kings of Imperial Family in Xijin 西晋 : Consideration of "the Wars of the Eight Kings" 八王の乱

個人情報保護のため削除部分ありこの論文は、八王の乱において何故に宗室が主役とならざるを得なかったのか、という疑問に対する考察である。西晋の宗室諸王のありかたが西晋以前の王朝のそれと異なる最大の点は、宗室諸王が官僚になることができたこと、それも軍事に関連する官職に就く場合が多く、とくにこの時代特有の「出鎮」はほぼ宗室が独占しており、宗室諸王は所謂「藩屏」の役割が期待されていた。出鎮した宗室諸王は軍事を中核としてその地方における大幅な裁量権を皇帝から委託され、その地で開いた軍府にその地方のみならず全国からも士大夫を辟召した。その結果、封建領主ではなく一官僚であるにもかかわらず、半ば独立的な権力を掌握することになった。そしてこうした権力をもつ宗室諸王が八王の乱において挙兵する根拠は、士大夫が代表する輿論の支持と宗室諸王自身、皇帝と血縁によりつながっていることに由来するのであるThe object of this thesis is to examine the question, why the Imperial family had no choice but to play the leading part in the Wars of the Eight Kings. The style of the existence of the kings of Imperial family in Xijin is different from that in the former dynasties, and it is the most different character that they could play their parts in the bureaucracy, above all the military parts. Most of those proceeded to the Posts of the military district 出鎮 were the kings of Imperial family who were expected to be as the protectors 藩屏 and deputed the wide discretionary power, chiefly containing the military one, in the provinces by the emperor. They summoned the shidafu 士大夫 to their military governments not only from the provinces but also from the whole country. As a result, they became to hold the semi-independent power, though they were only the government officials. Then, the basis they raised armies against the emperor is that they won support of the public opinion which was represented by shidafu and had the blood relationship to the emperor